we find influences from the fathers of modern computing, Alan Turing and Claude Shannon, who became known for deciphering the Enigma machine codes during World War II and laid the foundations of computer theory, planting the seed for this new discipline.

In his seminal paper, Turing posed the question “Can machines think?”, laying the groundwork for artificial intelligence, which would later influence logic in game programming.

While working on early computational theory, both men experimented with chess algorithms. Shannon published Programming a Computer for Playing Chess in March 1950, setting a precedent for simulating game logic.

A simple tic-tac-toe game created as part of a doctoral thesis at Cambridge University; one of the earliest examples of a computer game.

Played on an oscilloscope, it simulated a tennis match and is often considered the first entertainment video game.

First commercially available arcade video game, although too complex for widespread appeal.

The first home video game console; the games were simple and used plastic overlays for the images.

A simplified table tennis arcade game that ignited the arcade craze.

An iconic maze chase game that appealed to both sexes and became a cultural icon.

Introduced Jumpman (later Mario); laid the groundwork for platform games.

Market oversaturation and poor-quality games (e.g., E.T. for Atari) caused a crash, leading to the industry's collapse in the West.

Revived the gaming industry with beloved franchises like Super Mario Bros., The Legend of Zelda, and Metroid.

Fast-paced platformer that defined SEGA’s challenge to Nintendo.

A pioneering first-person shooter (FPS) that introduced modding and multiplayer deathmatch.

Introduced CD-based games and 3D graphics; major franchises like Final Fantasy VII and Metal Gear Solid debuted.

Revolutionized 3D gameplay and camera control in platformers.

Defined console FPS and launched Xbox Live (2002).

Massive multiplayer online game (MMO) that reshaped online communities.

Elevated storytelling and realism in action games.

A sandbox building game that became a global phenomenon with educational and creative applications.

Merged cinematic storytelling with deep emotional impact.

Popularized augmented reality (AR) gaming using GPS technology.

VR entered mainstream gaming, offering immersive experiences.

Became a cultural touchstone during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing comfort to millions of players worldwide.

AI-powered non-playable characters (NPCs) began to dynamically adapt to player choices, enhancing immersion.